Modeling of the ionosphere response on the earthquake preparation
نویسندگان
چکیده
Seismo-ionosphere coupling processes have been investigated considering the GPS observed anomalous ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) variations before strong earthquakes as their precursors. The numerical simulations' results of the TEC response on the vertical electric currents flowing between the Earth and ionosphere during the earthquake (EQ) preparation time have been performed. Model experiments have been carried out using the Upper Atmosphere Model. The following currents' parameters were varied in: (i) direction (to or from the ionosphere); (ii) latitudinal zone of the sources' (EQ epicenters) location; (iii) currents' configuration: (1) grid nodes with "straight" currents were surrounded by "border" grid points with currents of opposite direction ("return" currents); (2) the "return" currents were spread out over the globe; (3) without "return" currents. Numerical simulations have shown that electric currents with density of 4∙10 -8 A/m 2 over the area of about 200 km in longitude and 2500 km in latitude produce both positive and negative TEC disturbances with magnitude up to 35 % in agreement with GPS TEC observations before EQs. Аннотация. Исследованы проявления сейсмо-ионосферных связей – аномальных возмущений полного электронного содержания (ПЭС) ионосферы перед землетрясениями как их предвестников. Представлены результаты численного моделирования полного электронного содержания (ПЭС) в зависимости от вертикальных электрических токов между Землей и ионосферой перед землетрясениями. Модельные эксперименты проводились с помощью модели верхней атмосферы UAM. Варьировались следующие параметры токов: направление, широтное расположение источников (эпицентров землетрясений), конфигурации токов: узлы с "прямыми" токами были окружены пограничными узлами с токами противоположного направления ("возвратными" токами); "возвратные" токи были распределены по всей земной поверхности; без "возвратных" токов. Расчеты показали, что токи плотностью 4∙10 -8 A/м 2 над областью около 200 км по долготе и 2500 км по широте вызывают положительные и отрицательные возмущения ПЭС магнитудой до 35 % и более, что соответствует GPS наблюдениям перед землетрясениями.
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